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ChatGPT in Higher Education: A Review of Its Impact on Student Research
Journal of Business and Technology: 129–138 · 2025
https://doi.org/10.4038/jbt.v9i5.227
Abstract
This systematic literature review examines how ChatGPT influences student research in higher education. Drawing on the TPACK, Connectivism, and Community of Inquiry frameworks, the study explores how generative AI affects research skills, academic outcomes, and learner attitudes. Using PRISMA guidelines, 12 peer-reviewed empirical studies published in 2023 were selected from Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, and Dimensions databases. Thematic analysis revealed that ChatGPT supports the development of research capabilities such as idea generation, sourcing, synthesis, and writing fluency. It also improves perceived academic confidence and motivation. However, ethical concerns including plagiarism risks, over-reliance, and hallucinated content were noted in several studies. Technical reliability, transparency, and the absence of clear pedagogical integration remain major limitations. The review concludes that ChatGPT can be a valuable tool in research-based learning if embedded within structured, ethical, and pedagogically guided frameworks. Practical recommendations and research directions are offered to guide future use and policy. Keywords: ChatGPT, Higher Education, Research, PRISMA, Academic Integrity.
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